It is not unusual for new settlers in the United States to experience various forms of culture shock. From the use of direct and frank conversations and punctuality at the workplace to tipping at restaurants or taxis and celebrations of American holidays such as Thanksgiving and Fourth of July, new immigrants can experience various levels of surprise. They will eventually get used to the new experiences not practiced back home, but at the beginning immigrants might feel confused or isolated as they adapt the new way of life.
Communication styles
Americans have the tendency to be more direct and straightforward in how they communicate. Such ways of conversation can be intimidating for cultures where indirect communication if the normal practice. For example, in Japanese culture, communication is more context-based and rely on subtlety.
While an American may casually say “I don’t agree with this idea,” a Japanese person’s version may be, “This idea might be difficult to implement,” suggesting that reading between the lines, it aligns with the American person’s thought process.
Use of first names and casual language is common for Americans, even in a professional setting. However, cultures like the Philippines se a clear distinction between formal and informal language. A Filipino may be hesitant to call his boss Ted, preferring to call him “Sir Ted,” alluding to the hierarchy at work.
In the US, small talk with strangers is common, such as talking to the cashier at the grocery about the weather, but Russians would likely keep the conversion purely transactional.
Social etiquette
In a social setting, American people prefer more personal space so receiving kisses like the practice among peoples from France, Spain or Lebanon might be frowned upon.
If Filipinos or Mexicans find it acceptable to be late in social events like parties or professional meetings, Americans highly value punctuality and not on time can be interpreted as insult or lack of interest.
In dining culture, Americans typically leave a 15% to 20% tip at restaurants. This is something many other cultures may find shocking since bills back at their home countries are paid as is.
Workplace culture
The workplace is an important venue for new migrants to suffer culture shock since their working styles may differ from those of American society. Americans place a high importance on production, which may result into extended working hours. However, migrants from France or Scandinavia are accustomed to work environments that prioritize work-life balance.
Their shorter working hours and entitlement to longer vacation periods may be a cause of disappointment.
So a French migrant who is used to the 35-hour work week may find it shocking to embark on a 50+ hours a week at work in the United States and get less paid time off from work.
At work, efficiency dictates that American workplaces employ a flat organizational structure and employees feel comfortable to talk to the leadership teams. However, this structure may be new to a Chinese migrant who is used to a clear hierarchical structure and whose ideas would typically go through several management tiers.
Americans leverage professional networking as part of career development and attend industry conferences to network. While networking is also an important to Indian professionals, they often utilize family and social connections to look for job opportunities.
Food and dining
When newcomers order at American fast food restaurants, they will find large meal portions on servings as well as free-flowing drinks. However, they are also expected to tip their servers whether they find the food delicious or satisfied with the service.
Splitting the bill is common for casual dining for American diners, a practice that may not be common for other cultures. For example, the host who invites group for the get together dinner often pays for the meal in Chinese dining culture, and leaving some food is a sign of abundance.
Learning and education
Children of immigrants may find it shocking to be exposed to the American learning culture that emphasizes critical thinking and group participation. This is true especially if the educational foundation in previous schools are geared towards lecture-based teaching, rote learning and memorization.