Types of Welding Processes for Filipino Welders Abroad

Summary

Different countries hire welders based on the specific welding processes they use in construction, oil and gas, shipbuilding, and manufacturing.

For Filipino welders, understanding these processes is essential for passing trade tests, qualifying for higher-paying roles, and choosing the right TESDA training.

This guide explains the most common welding processes used abroad, where they are in demand, sample salary ranges, and how OFWs can prepare.

Why welding processes matter for OFWs

Foreign employers don’t just look for “welders” — they look for welders skilled in specific processes. A welder who knows SMAW only may qualify for basic construction jobs, while someone skilled in TIG or FCAW can qualify for refinery, shipyard, or precision manufacturing roles.

Many Filipino welders share that learning a second process (usually TIG or FCAW) helped them secure better contracts in Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Canada, with higher salaries and more stable projects.

Quick overview: welding processes vs countries

SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)

What it is

SMAW, or stick welding, uses a consumable electrode coated in flux. It is versatile, relatively simple, and widely used in construction and repair work.

Where it’s used abroad

• Saudi Arabia – construction, oil and gas projects
• Qatar – industrial plants and structural work
• New Zealand – infrastructure and structural steel projects

Why OFWs need it

SMAW is the foundation of most welding jobs abroad. TESDA SMAW NC II is often the minimum requirement for deployment, especially for first-time OFWs.

Real OFW example

Filipino welders in Dammam often start with SMAW tasks on construction sites. After proving their skill and reliability, some are promoted to more specialized roles or given the chance to train in TIG or FCAW for higher-paying projects.

GTAW / TIG (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)

What it is

TIG welding uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode and produces clean, precise welds. It is ideal for stainless steel, aluminum, and thin metals where appearance and quality are critical.

Where it’s used abroad

• UAE – shipbuilding, stainless fabrication, refineries
• Japan – precision manufacturing and machinery
• Canada – food-grade stainless steel and process industries

Why OFWs need it

TIG welders earn higher salaries due to the precision and skill required. Many employers abroad specifically request TIG welders for high-spec projects.

Real OFW example

Many Filipino welders in Abu Dhabi report that TIG skills helped them move from basic fabrication shops to high-paying refinery projects, with better accommodation and longer contracts.

GMAW / MIG (Gas Metal Arc Welding)

What it is

MIG welding uses a continuous wire feed and shielding gas. It is fast, efficient, and ideal for production work in factories and assembly lines.

Where it’s used abroad

• Canada – automotive, manufacturing, and fabrication
• Australia – metal fabrication and workshops
• Poland – factory and assembly line work

Why OFWs need it

MIG is common in countries with large manufacturing sectors. It is also easier to learn compared to TIG, making it a good second process for SMAW welders who want to shift into factory work abroad.

Real OFW example

Factory workers in Taiwan often transition to MIG welding roles after gaining experience on the production floor. This shift usually comes with higher pay and better chances of contract renewal.

FCAW (Flux-Cored Arc Welding)

What it is

FCAW uses a flux-filled wire, which makes it suitable for heavy fabrication and outdoor welding where wind can affect shielding gas. It is widely used in structural and industrial projects.

Where it’s used abroad

• New Zealand – structural steel, bridges, and infrastructure
• Canada – heavy equipment and large fabrication projects
• Saudi Arabia – industrial plants and refineries

Why OFWs need it

FCAW welders are in high demand for large construction and infrastructure projects. Employers often prefer welders who can handle both FCAW and SMAW for flexibility on site.

Real OFW example

Filipino welders in Auckland often use FCAW for building bridges and high-rise structures. Those with strong FCAW skills are frequently assigned to critical structural work with better overtime opportunities.

6G welding (pipe welding position)

What it is

6G is a welding position, not a process. It involves welding a pipe fixed at a 45-degree angle, combining flat, vertical, and overhead positions. It is considered one of the most difficult and most respected welding tests.

Where it’s used abroad

• Oil and gas projects in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the UAE
• Refineries in Canada
• Shipyards in Japan and other industrial hubs

Why OFWs need it

Passing a 6G test can significantly increase your salary and open doors to offshore and refinery work. Many high-paying welding jobs abroad require 6G certification.

Real OFW example

Many Filipino welders deployed to Qatar Petroleum say the 6G test was the key to securing high-paying contracts, with better benefits and more stable project assignments.

Sample salary ranges by process and country

These are approximate monthly salary ranges in Philippine pesos (PHP) and can vary based on experience, employer, and project.

Country-specific steps for welders

A. Saudi Arabia – SMAW / FCAW welders

1. Complete TESDA training – Aim for SMAW NC II (and FCAW if possible).
2. Prepare your documents – Passport, resume, certificates, employment records.
3. Apply through a DMW-licensed agency – Verify job orders and agency status.
4. Take the trade test – Usually 3G or 6G SMAW/FCAW at an accredited center.
5. Attend employer interview – Expect questions on safety and previous projects.
6. Undergo medical exam and visa processing – Follow clinic and embassy instructions.
7. Complete PDOS and contract verification – Ensure salary, position, and benefits match what was promised.

B. United Arab Emirates – TIG / multi-process welders

1. Train in TIG (GTAW) – Preferably with TESDA certification or equivalent training.
2. Build a portfolio – Photos of stainless welds, test results, and certificates.
3. Apply via licensed agencies – Focus on shipyards, fabrication shops, and refineries.
4. Pass skills and trade tests – TIG tests on stainless or alloy pipes/plates are common.
5. Process work permit and visa – Employer usually handles UAE work permit.
6. Complete PDOS, OEC, and insurance – Follow DMW requirements before departure.
7. Deployment and site orientation – Expect safety briefings and additional training on arrival.

C. Canada – MIG / FCAW and 6G welders

1. Check eligibility and pathway – Temporary Foreign Worker Program, PNP, or other streams.
2. Prepare a Canadian-style resume – Highlight MIG/FCAW, 6G, and industrial experience.
3. Secure a job offer – Often through licensed agencies or direct employer recruitment.
4. Employer obtains LMIA (if required) – This proves the need for a foreign worker.
5. Apply for a work permit – Submit documents through IRCC.
6. Take any required trade tests – Some employers test MIG/FCAW skills on arrival.
7. Plan for long-term options – Use Canadian work experience to explore permanent residency later.

Which welding process should OFWs learn first?

10. Tips for choosing the right welding process

1. Check the country you want to work in

If you are targeting Canada, focus on MIG and FCAW. If your goal is the UAE or Qatar, TIG and 6G pipe welding will give you an advantage.

2. Consider your long-term career

TIG and 6G welders usually have the highest earning potential and more opportunities to move into supervisory or inspector roles later on.

3. Invest in TESDA training

TESDA courses are recognized by most foreign employers. Start with SMAW NC II, then add TIG, MIG, or FCAW depending on your target country.

4. Practice regularly

Trade tests abroad are strict. Consistent practice on plates and pipes, in different positions, will help you pass employer tests with confidence.

5. Build a portfolio

Include photos of your welds, copies of certificates, and trade test results. A strong portfolio can impress employers even before they see you weld in person.

Final thoughts

Understanding welding processes is one of the best ways for Filipino welders to increase their chances of getting hired abroad. Whether you are aiming for Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Canada, Japan, or New Zealand, mastering SMAW plus at least one additional process (TIG, MIG, or FCAW) will significantly improve your opportunities.

For OFWs, welding is not just a job — it can be a long-term career path that supports your family, opens doors to permanent residency, and builds skills that are in demand worldwide.